Zacheta National Gallery

Profil

The origins of Zacheta can be traced back to 1860, when the Society for the Encouragement of the Fine Arts was founded in Warsaw (at the time when the city was located within the Russian partition zone). As a civic initiative it was intended to promote art for the mutual benefit of both artists and society at large. The Society set for itself the task of organizing exhibitions, purchasing works of art in order to create a national collection, and assisting young artists. With the purpose of stimulating an interest in art within the community, the Society granted prizes to the public in the form of prints. In the years 1898-1900, as the combined result of a skillful move by its board of managers and significant contributions from the public, the Society was able to erect a building for its headquarters. An urban palace in eclectic style was constructed according to a the design by Stefan Szyller and decorated with a sculpted fronton with the Latin inscription ARTIBUS ('TO THE ARTS'). 
The history of the Society for the Encouragement of the Fine Arts is the shared history of the success of both artists and art-lovers, and it is the tradition that Zacheta actively seeks to foster today. Visible signs of its success include the splendid building with its exhibition rooms, its permanent collections, library, as well as its role in organizing Polish artistic life at a time when no other galleries or museums existed in Warsaw. It witnessed a struggle between conservative art supported by the adherents of traditional taste, on the one hand, and the path-breaking impulses of revolutionary new art and its supporters on the other. Zacheta's history has been marked by grand emotion and scandal, as well as by an incident of significance for the nation, namely the assassination of Gabriel Narutowicz, the first President of the Second Polish Republic, on 16th December 1922, in Zacheta's exhibition halls. 
Although its building was one of the few to survive in Warsaw's city center after the destruction of the Second World War, Zacheta as an institution changed immensely. Its rich collections of art have been placed in deposit at the National Museum in Warsaw, where they now constitute the heart of the Gallery of Polish Art. The space vacated at Zacheta was occupied by a newly created Central Bureau of Artistic Exhibitions. After the political transformations of 1989, Zacheta became the Zacheta State Gallery of Art, returning to the noble civic goals of the original Society for the Encouragement of the Fine Arts. Once again, it is dedicated to the enrichment of the nation's social and cultural life, seeking to develop art at home and to promote it abroad.